Scabies
What is scabies?
Scabies is an infestation caused by mites (Sarcoptes scabiei) that burrow into the skin, laying eggs and triggering an itchy, pimple-like rash in response to the infestation.
These mites are minuscule and may resemble tiny black dots on the skin to the naked eye. Incapable of jumping or flying, they move slowly and typically spread through prolonged, skin-to-skin contact, as they crawl from one person to another. While infestations can occasionally occur through contact with bedding, clothes, or towels, it is less likely to spread through brief physical contact like handshakes or hugs.
Prescription medication is necessary to eliminate scabies, as the infestation does not resolve on its own.
Symptoms of scabies
Itching: A prevalent and intense symptom, often worsening at night.
Rash: As mites burrow into the skin, they create tracks or lines, resulting in a rash that may resemble bites, blisters, hives, pimples, or scaly patches.
Sores: Scratching scabies rashes can lead to open wounds, which may become infected. Secondary infections, such as Staphylococcus aureus (impetigo), can occur.
How long does it take for scabies symptoms to appear?
The time it takes for symptoms to manifest varies, influenced by whether the person has had a previous infestation. Initial exposure may lead to symptoms emerging between 4 to 6 weeks later, while in repeat infestations, symptoms can appear as soon as 1 to 4 days after exposure.
Where do scabies live?
While scabies mites can reside anywhere on the body, common sites for adults and older children include:
Around the waistline and navel
Between fingers
In skin folds around wrists, elbows, or knees
On breasts, genitals, or buttocks
On the head, neck, face, palms, and soles of the feet in infants and young children
How is scabies treated?
Prescription scabicides are used to kill scabies mites. Topical remedies are typically applied at night, left on the skin for 8 to 14 hours, and washed off in the morning. Some individuals may require repeated treatments to eradicate all the mites.
How can I prevent scabies from spreading? How do I remove scabies from my house?
Scabies mites can survive on surfaces for 2 to 3 days. To prevent spreading:
Wash or dry-clean all bedding, clothes, linens, towels, and items used by the affected person in the last 3 days with hot, soapy water. Seal unwashable items in a plastic bag for at least 7 days to deprive mites of sustenance.
Vacuum your entire home during treatment, including carpets, rugs, and upholstery. Dispose of the vacuum bag and clean the canister thoroughly.